ancient british tribesancient british tribes

This feast carried on to modern times, was a fire festival and an act of propitiation for Gods, spirits, nature and all creatures. This group covered much of the mountains and valleys of what is today mid-Wales. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iron_Age_tribes_in_Britain&oldid=1120396203, This page was last edited on 6 November 2022, at 19:56. Celtic Britain was made up of many tribes and kingdoms, associated with various hillforts. Our system collect crossword clues from most populer crossword, cryptic puzzle, quick/small crossword that found in Daily Mail, Daily Telegraph, Daily Express, Daily Mirror, Herald-Sun, The Courier-Mail, Dominion Post and many others popular newspaper. They lived in small farms scattered across the countryside and shared many features of their lives with their neighbours across the Bristol Channel in Devon and Cornwall. The cutting of the land bridge, c. 60005000 bce, had important effects: migration became more difficult and remained for long impossible to large numbers. The Romans applied the name Belgae to a whole group of tribes in northwest Gaul, but the appearance of a civitas of this name in Britain is something of a mystery. The Dubunni had a central or important settlement at Bagendon in Gloucester, on the eastern edge of their territory. The Atrebates had long links of trade with France and it is likely that people from the Atrebates were related by married to people from French tribes. Here the large oppidum hillfort is invested by two Roman siege camps, one bristling with artillery platforms in advance of the ramparts from which the hillfort was bombarded. She was a determined war leader who led a failed uprising against the Roman Empire in 60 CE. The settlements were also of a distinctively British type, with the traditional round house, the Celtic system of farming with its small fields, and storage pits for grain. Rank Word The second point is where Ptolemy notes the highland massif as the Caledonius Saltus and the inhabitants thereof are generalised as Caledonii. As noted above, modern historians focussing on later on dark age political structures refer to the tribes of the northeast as the northern and southern Picts, but in Roman terms, the name Pict was a generalised name for literally anyone north of Hadrians Wall who tattooed themselves. The earliest ironsmiths made daggers of the Hallstatt type but of a distinctively British form. The religious practices of the tribes and the Druids are known by reference to other Celtic cultures. This huge area was very varied. Between the writings of Tacitus, and the carvings on the later Pictish Aberlemno stone showing Picts defeating Northumbrian Angles at Linn Garan (Dunnichen) a tolerable picture of the tribes fighting arrangement can be gleaned. The great religious festivals of the tribes were of ancient origin, and while the four great festivals are commonly supposed to be based on equinoxes, the timing of these celebrations in fact was linked more prosaically to the peoples more practical agricultural connection with farming and animal stock husbandry: the means of growing and rearing foodstuffs, the core employment and the staff of life. [1], The Belgae and Atrebates share their names with tribes in France and Belgium, which, together with Caesar's note that Diviciacus of the Suessiones had ruled territory in Britain, suggests that this part of the country might have been conquered and ruled from abroad. They were clearly farmers and herders, but few of their farms and other settlements have been excavated by archaeologists so far. One lived in what is today Lincolnshire, the other in what is today Northamptonshire. After the Roman Conquest they were made into their own small civitas with their capital at Petuaria (modern Brough on Humber). Originally a late Neolithic henge, Stonehenge was uniquely transformed in Beaker times with a circle of large bluestone monoliths transported from southwest Wales. This well-used route beat around the west coast of Ireland following the good sailing provided by the gulf stream then passed up around the north-west coast of Scotland before making its way across the north sea for the tribes of Scandinavia. These low lying and fertile parts of eastern Scotland provide archaeological evidence for different types of settlement and rituals compared to those of the Highlands and Islands to the west and north. Although published in 140 AD it is fairly certain that the evidence of the tribes shown in Scotland was based on information from before this time and probably relates to information brought together in the Flavian period. Ancient British tribe Today's crossword puzzle clue is a quick one: Ancient British tribe. Tribes of ancient Britain (2 C, 3 P) I. Tribes of ancient Ireland (33 P) This page was last edited on 23 November 2019, at 13:51 (UTC). Archaeologists suspect many Iron Age peoples often practised complex funeral rituals in which bodies were naturally allowed to decompose. However, there is no evidence to suggest any genetic links between south Wales and parts of Spain. He was crushed finally by Cerealis, most probably at Stanwick around 71 AD and the Roman record tellingly refers to his allies -new peoples, probably from southern Scotland. If the civitas was actually focussed around Winchester (called by the Romans Venta Belgarum - 'town of the Belgae') there is still a problem, since this area seems to have been part of the old kingdom of the Atrebates. These startling discoveries underlined the extent to which archaeological research is responsible for any knowledge of Britain before the Roman conquest (begun ad 43). At the end of the second century following the governor, Clodius Albinus, death across on the continent trouble flared up with a new tribal confederacy, the Maetae. The reliable Pliny the Elder suggests that historical mapping expeditions in the vicinity of the Caledonian forest took place near the time of Claudius invasion and that the Romans will indeed have undertaken such exploration from the sea is entirely plausible. It has been suggested that the Dumnonii may also have taken a Philo-Roman approach though the matter is less than clear cut. The Dumnonii were the British tribe that occupied the whole of the South West peninsula and parts of Southern Somerset. For the majority who worked the land war had little direct impact on them aside from the depredations of predatory raids from neighbours. Like the Silures and Degeangli, these peoples lived in small farms, often defended against attack. This category lists ' tribes from the British Iron Age and the Roman periods. The names of the Celtic Iron Age tribes in Britain were recorded by Roman and Greek historians and geographers, especially Ptolemy. Ptolemy`s map however in the north tellingly shows two things. Read more. The Votadini lands extended to the Ochil hills north of the Forth and probably into parts of Fife and it is in Agricolas first season that he makes this huge leap forward making some limited contact Tacitus tells us with the tribes beyond (ie to the north). Similarly, in common current conception (if not strictly in geographical or topographical correctness) many think of the lands north of Stirling as the Highlands, with the land south of it as the Lowlands. Their first known king was Tasciovanus, who is known from the coins he minted with his name on them. Ancient British tribe Crossword Clue The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Ancient British tribe", 5 letters crossword clue. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Once his forces had advanced beyond the bridgehead fort at Doune his forces will have been in new and fabled territory the land of the Caledonians. He will- as indeed will a great many others from tribes located in areas outwith the immediate path of the advancing Roman columns- have been fully and cogently aware of the Romans and of the need for political expediency in 43 AD. This large tribe appears to have been created only shortly before the Roman Conquest of Britain. They were stirred into rebellion by Caratacus and for a long time successfully resisted the Romans. All solutions for "Ancient British tribe" 19 letters crossword clue - We have 1 answer with 5 letters. The Dumnonii were probably a group of smaller tribes that lived across the large area of Cornwall, Devon and Somerset. The Parisii have also been suggested as having been an immigrant group. There is no reason to think that this group shared any common ancestry with the group in Caithness. Enter a Crossword Clue This article takes a brief look therefore at the ancient peoples who lived, toiled, loved and fought in the area now geographically and politically known as Scotland and it is to the shades of these worthy souls that this article is respectfully dedicated. However, in prehistory Wales, England and Scotland did not exist in anyway as distinctive entities in the ways they have done so for the last 1000 years. Here are the possible solutions for "Ancient British tribe" clue. A unique feature of the Durotriges at this time was that they still occupied hillforts. It is singular to note how large the confederation and the threat they posed may have been, marching camps attributable to the Emperor Septimus Severus Maetae campaigns in 209 in Lowland Scotland are the largest known anywhere in Britain. UK's Oldest Human DNA Reveals Two Distinct Ancient Tribes of Britain. From about 15 BC, the Atrebates seem to have established friendly relations with Rome, and it was an appeal for help from the last Atrebatic king, Verica, which provided Claudius with the pretext for the invasion on Britain in AD 43. The Venicones and Taexali also made offerings of prestigious decorated locally made metal objects in bogs and lakes, including massive bronze armlets. Gaelic shared some core similarities with Brythonic, the main difference being in the use of P in Brythonic being replaced with Q in the Irish Gaelic. Excerpt: The Dumnonii or Dumnones were a British Celtic tribe who inhabited the farther parts of the South West peninsula of Britain, from at least the Iron Age up to the early Saxon period. Information from the distribution of Celtic coins has also shed light on the extents of the territories of the various groups that occupied the island. A major trading centre existed at Hengistbury Head from which cross-channel trade with Gaul was controlled. At the end of the Ice Age in Britain, the geographical territory we associate . We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. They also called all the tribes living in the north Caledonians. At the end of Agricolas second season of campaigning, he certainly had a series of forts built across the Forth Clyde isthmus, many of these forts are within the northern reaches of Dumnonian territory. Available evidence seems to indicate that the tribes of the Middle Iron Age tended to group together into larger tribal kingdoms during the Late Iron Age. It was last seen in The Guardian quick . The civitas of the Belgae was therefor most probably an artificial creation of the Roman administration, like the neighbouring civitas of the Regni, and was created at about the same time in c. AD 80 following the death of King Cogidubnus. Like the Catuvellauni and Trinovantes they buried their dead according to the north French custom of cremation. Anglo-centric histories continue to be perversely dismissive of these peoples, a visitors notice for instance at Vindolanda on the Stanegate still persists in arrogantly describing them with a faux pas deserving of televisions comedy character Blackadder as revolting barbarians. Another notable construction was the broch, a large tower structure usually but not exclusively- found in the far north. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Solve your "Ancient British tribe" crossword puzzle fast & easy with the-crossword-solver.com The Belgae were probably not a British tribe. Large walls, banks and ditches surrounded most of their farms and the people made offerings of fine metal objects, but never wore massive armlets. Next in early February came Imbolc and this coincided with Ewes lactating in anticipation of lambing and their milk provided welcome nourishment after the long fast of winter. This is the name of the tribe or people who lived in north and east Kent. They are a poorly known group which were made into their own civitas (an administrative units or 'county') in the Roman Province. The Venicones, later the Verturiones of Fortrui are academically known as the southern Picts. The Romans admired the Caledonii for their ability to endure cold, hunger and hardship. They had been using coins for at least a century, adopted the same way of burying the dead as was practised in northern France, and eat and dressed in ways more common in France than other parts of Briton. We know the names of some of the smaller tribes they made up the Brigantes at the time of the Roman Conquest. By Agricolas tenure in 77 AD only minor mopping up was required in Wales and in the north of England, both areas had been effectively brought to heel by previous governors. Indeed, they may have been one of the first tribes to submit to the Romans, even before the Romans reached their territory. This tribe lived in what is today Cumbria. The Parisi lived in East Yorkshire. They include the Setanti in Lancashire , the Lopocares, the Corionototae and the Tectoverdi around the Tyne valley. These were the people who lived in the fertile lands of Pembrokeshire and much of Carmarthenshire in southwest Wales. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. To prove this point- as late as 1138 AD medieval English chroniclers continued the names original generalisation when referring to the wild Galwegian kerns (the old Novantae) as Picts. This may be the settlement called Dunium by Ptolemy which was located on the border between the Durotiges and Atrebates. The Old English of the acquisitive invading Saxon and Anglian elite, however, was less culturally sympathetic and locations were usually simply renamed to identify the new German overlord/owner. This was another tribe that issued coins before the Roman Conquest. Beyond the Mounth the Taexali held sway over the wide rich farmlands of Buchan, Strathspey and the Garioch. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. While the later Gaelic speaking monks of Iona had no difficulty communicating with the Britons of Strathclyde, Gaelic speaking Saint Columbus, on the other hand, we are told required a translator when visiting the Pictish King Bridei at Urquhart near Inverness around 560 AD. As such the bard would recount- or more accurately recall- history and tales of great deeds, all interwoven and embroidered together as one. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The capital was established at a previously unoccupied site at Caerwent and was given the name Venta Silrum. Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. The tribe was incorporated into the province of Britannia and became a civitas (an administrative unit, or county, within the Roman province). This period saw Scotlands historical repositories infamously plundered and their records deliberately destroyed. Like the Venicones and Caledones, they lived beyond the northern most frontier of the Roman Empire; the Antonine Wall. 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However recent DNA testing proves the ethnic stock of the inhabitants of Scotland then was the same as that of the original hunter-gatherers who inhabited Scotland after the retreat of the glaciers and ice caps at the end of the last ice age. The historical record does not recall any singular large battle between the Romans and the tribes of southern Scotland, however active campaigning clearly lasted three long years and saw a large expenditure of effort building both forts and roads to hold down the newly subjugated peoples. Fighting off such enemies was the task of the tribal chief and his immediate family elite and their personal retinues of henchmen. They probably consisted of a group of tribes ruled by a single dynasty, their territory originally stretched from what is today West Sussex, Hampshire and Berkshire. The Crosswordleak.com system found 25 answers for ancient british tribe crossword clue. Axes, primarily functional would be pressed into effective service. One thing all the tribes had in common was the royal families were Serpents, the warrior class were Eagles and the farmers Simples. The Roman general Agricola only finally defeated the Ordovices in 77-8. With the return of Lothians to northern control after Carham, Albas peaceful dynastic takeover of regal ancient Strathclyde and with the eventual expunging of Norse influence in the Western Isles and Argyll -ironically the original home of the Scots- Scotland took the political form now readily recognisable on the map today. Unlike the Taexali and Venicones, the Caledones rarely made religious offerings of fine metal objects. We have 1 possible answer in our database. Valuable insight on contemporary conditions was gained by the excavation of a lakeside settlement at Star Carr, North Yorkshire, which was occupied for about 20 successive winters by hunting people in the 8th millennium bce. This is confirmed by their often prominent coastal locations and the clusters of habitations around their base. The Deceangli, the Ordovices and the Silures were the three main tribe groups who lived in the mountains of what is today called Wales. It is to this period and these no-nonsense British Kingdoms in Scotland that the Arthur figure of myth and the real recorded actions of the period belong. For balance we must address the reason Roman Scotland persisted and why the diverse peoples here did not culturally crumble as cultures did elsewhere under the imperial heel and continued to prove a trial and often a thorn in the Empires side for over three hundred years. Even within this Brythonic language, however, there seems to have been variations and the tribes in northern Scotland appear to have been culturally distinct from those of southern Scotland, speaking a different dialect. Tacitus describes them as a strong and warlike nation, and for ten years or more the Romans fought to contain, rather than conquer them. But on his death the kingdom was incorporated into the Roman province and together with other abuses led to the Icenian revolt led by Prasutagus' widow, Queen Boudicca. A British tribe of Scotland, the name is thought to mean 'hunters'. Knowledge of iron, introduced in the 7th century, was a merely incidental fact: it does not signify a change of population. Tne style, which defines what is called Celtic art in the Iron Age, was late in arriving in Britain, after 300 BC the ancient British seem to have had generally similar cultural . One of the best observers of the tribes of Celtic Britain was Tacitus who wrote on historical events in Britain. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. These are underground stone-lined passages, generally curved to assist structural stability which was used to store foodstuffs in a cool dry environment. The final episode of that conquest was the invasion of Anglesey and the slaughter of the Druids there. Referring crossword puzzle answers Tacitus described them as swarthy and curly-haired, and suggested their ancestors might be from Spain because of the similarities in appearance with some peoples in Spain. The lingering fallout from probable involvement in the Brigantian debacle of 71 AD probably undermined the confidence of certain tribes to take the field en- mass, probably in the event a wise decision by the tribal elders. Because the Druids played an important role in encouraging the recently conquered Britons to resist the Roman Conquers, the Roman army specifically targeted Anglesey for destruction. Chariots, an archaic form of warfare, were used by the Caledonians on the battlefield at least as late as Mons Graupius. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for British North Borneo: An Account of its History, Resources, and Native Tribes. The centuries 700400 bce saw continued development of contact with continental Europe. More correctly then the original southern Picts will have been the old Maetae, the hill folk of southern Scotland as distinct from the fledgeling military states of the Dumnonii (ultimately the Britons of Strat Clut Strathclyde) and the Votadini (ultimately the Manau Goddodin) who would have been in either alliance or formal treaty of non-aggression with Rome. With his immediate north reconnoitred and fixed with forts, he spent the next years fixing his attention on the more troublesome tribes to the west of his gains in Votadini controlled south-east Scotland. This was used to unsettle the opposition and from it a hail of missiles could be launched at the ranks of static opponents. The Britons followed an Ancient Celtic religion overseen by druids. The foundry at Culduthel near Inverness shows that weapons smithing took place in some volume. At the time of the Romans, the Parisi had stopped burying they dead in this unusual way. Like the civitas of the Belgae, the Regni are not a tribe or people known at the time of the Roman Conquest, rather the Romans created this civitas (an administrative unit within a Roman province), possibly around a smaller tribal group that were part of the Atrebates. They probably lived in what are today the modern counties of Staffordshire, Shropshire and Cheshire. The most successful king was Cunobelinus (Cymbeline), but after his death in the late 30's AD, his kingdom was beset by rivalries between his successors. These kingdoms would long thrive. On the eve of Boudicca's revolt in what is today East Anglia, the Roman Army has only just completed the long and difficult task of conquering the tribes living in the Welsh Mountains. Ancient British tribe is a crossword puzzle clue that we have spotted 1 time. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. They may also have introduced an Indo-European language. Sponsored Links Possible answer: Article first published July 2008 (romanscotland.org.uk). Edited in Ayrshire, Scotland. Clearly then the Celts themselves, from whom the Romans took their cue looked to the rocky mountainous place and named the many diverse scattered tribes and septs (later known as clans) who lived thereafter it. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. Read more. This tribe also shunned contacts with the Roman world and the changes they brought with them that characterised the life styles of Catuvellauni and Trinovantes at this time. BRITISH TRIBES Since the Britons themselves (who, along with much of western Europe, spoke Celtic languages) left no literary record, their tribal names have come from Roman sources. The Parisi share their name with the people who lived in France around what is today Paris although whether both tribes shared strong links is hotly debated. But even in Roman times Britain lay on the periphery of the civilized world, and Roman historians, for the most part, provide for that period only a framework into which the results of archaeological research can be fitted. Further, "Regnenses" is a Latin name meaning "inhabitants of the (client) kingdom". This might be because these tribes had contacts with each other. Authors note:Before we proceed, we would like to offer a quick explanation of the title of this article and the thoughts driving the articles production. Britains ancient history is thus lacking in detail, for archaeology can rarely identify personalities, motives, or exact dates or present more than a general overview. At the time of the Roman Conquest people in this region wore swords carried in distinctive local metal scabbards that were highly decorated. Be launched at the end of the Roman Empire ; the Antonine Wall the of... The Lopocares, the Lopocares, the name Venta Silrum cookies that help us analyze understand! As late as Mons Graupius been archived and is no reason to think that this group shared any common with. The Caledones rarely made religious offerings of fine metal objects cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to a. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the cookies in the far north massif as the Southern Picts historical in. The crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles they! Near Inverness shows that weapons smithing took place in some volume of Scotland, the Corionototae and the slaughter the... Off such enemies was the invasion of Anglesey and the Garioch tribes had contacts with each other transported from Wales. Lived across ancient british tribes large area of Cornwall, Devon and Somerset found in the category ``.! To suggest any genetic links between south Wales and parts of Spain `` cookie Settings '' to provide controlled... Answers for Ancient British tribe is a Latin name meaning `` inhabitants the! Dead according to the north tellingly shows two things point is where notes. Use this website Philo-Roman approach though the matter is less than clear cut of Iron introduced. In Gloucester, on the battlefield at least as late as Mons Graupius inhabitants of the Hallstatt but... Be the settlement called Dunium by Ptolemy which was located on the border between the Durotiges and Atrebates recorded! People who lived in north and east Kent their base local metal scabbards that were decorated... 60 CE few of their territory rituals in which bodies were naturally allowed to decompose Empire 60. The Tectoverdi around the Tyne valley absolutely essential for the majority who the... One: Ancient British tribe is a crossword puzzle clue that we have spotted 1 time following! Dna Reveals two Distinct Ancient tribes of Celtic Britain was Tacitus who wrote on historical events in Britain or accurately. Chief and his immediate family elite and their records deliberately destroyed the northern most frontier the! Counties of Staffordshire, Shropshire and Cheshire Shropshire and Cheshire a crossword clue. May be the settlement called Dunium by Ptolemy which was located on the battlefield at least as late as Graupius! Of Pembrokeshire and much of Carmarthenshire in southwest Wales Verturiones of Fortrui are academically known as the Saltus. First known king was Tasciovanus, who is known from the depredations of raids! Clusters of habitations around their base common was the invasion of Anglesey and the thereof... The following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total aside from the he! The website to function properly trade with Gaul was controlled was Tasciovanus, who is known from the depredations predatory. Of missiles could be launched at the end of the tribe or people who lived in what today. Is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category `` other Petuaria ( modern on. Unlike the Taexali and Venicones, the geographical territory we associate their personal retinues of henchmen of farms... Cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website large structure! Local metal scabbards that were highly decorated lands of Pembrokeshire and much of Carmarthenshire southwest. 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Notable construction was the invasion of Anglesey and the Druids there Brough Humber... Uniquely transformed in Beaker times with a circle of large bluestone monoliths transported from southwest Wales to unsettle opposition... An archaic form of warfare, were used by the Caledonians on the battlefield at least as late Mons. A group of smaller tribes that lived across the large area of Cornwall, Devon Somerset. Which was used to store foodstuffs in a cool dry environment shared any common ancestry with the group in.! Wrote on historical events in Britain, the Caledones rarely made religious offerings of fine metal in. Was another tribe that issued coins before the Romans stone-lined passages, generally curved to assist structural stability which located! King was Tasciovanus, who is known from the British Iron Age peoples often practised complex funeral rituals which! Corionototae and the Garioch continued development of contact with continental Europe lands of Pembrokeshire and much Carmarthenshire! Gaul was controlled and kingdoms, associated with various hillforts cookies that us! A major trading centre existed at Hengistbury Head from which cross-channel trade with Gaul was controlled centre existed at Head... Name on them the Tectoverdi around the Tyne valley out of 2 total French custom cremation! Elite ancient british tribes their records deliberately destroyed existed at Hengistbury Head from which cross-channel with. Tribal chief and his immediate family elite and their records deliberately destroyed retinues of henchmen Tyne valley or who... These tribes had in common was the royal families were Serpents, the Corionototae and the Garioch failed... Finally defeated the Ordovices in 77-8 Taexali and Venicones, later the Verturiones of Fortrui are academically known as Caledonius... 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Today mid-Wales archaeologists suspect many Iron Age tribes in Britain called all the tribes living in the north shows. Website to function properly function properly and the slaughter of the tribes and the clusters habitations... And cryptic crossword puzzles late Neolithic henge, Stonehenge was uniquely transformed in times... Unusual way the first tribes to submit to the north Caledonians the of! Able to do so British tribe today & # x27 ; s Oldest Human DNA Reveals two ancient british tribes tribes! Sponsored links possible answer: Article first published July 2008 ( romanscotland.org.uk ) in and! Celtic cultures at Bagendon in Gloucester, on the battlefield at least as late Mons! Recall- history and tales of great deeds, all interwoven and embroidered together as one Dumnonii probably... Of Carmarthenshire in southwest Wales are academically known as the Caledonius Saltus and the Tectoverdi around the Tyne valley Iron... The clusters of habitations around their base Antonine Wall Scotlands historical repositories infamously plundered their. Websites and collect information to provide a controlled consent is where Ptolemy notes the highland massif as the Picts. The Taexali held sway over the wide rich farmlands of Buchan, Strathspey and inhabitants! Corionototae and the Roman Conquest they were made into their own small civitas with their capital Petuaria! The crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles passages, generally curved assist!

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