why was shoeless joe jackson called shoelesswhy was shoeless joe jackson called shoeless

As play continued, a heckling fan noticed Jackson running to third base in his socks, and shouted "You shoeless son of a gun, you!" Omissions? Find a Camping Spot in an Idaho State Park Current Idaho RV Registration Holders Reservation fees are waived for Idaho residents who have current, valid Idaho RV registration stickers. Jackson's abilities were such that he drew praise from the mercurial Ty Cobb and even Babe Ruth, who gushed: "I copied (Shoeless Joe) Jackson's style because I thought he was the greatest hitter I had ever seen, the greatest natural hitter I ever saw. How come he made no mention of that in his grand jury testimony? Goldin Auctions has previously sold a "Shoeless" Joe Jackson signed South Carolina Driver's License with a rare signature and it fetched $122,400.00. It was here he got his nickname "Shoeless Joe," for running the bases in his stocking feet after a new pair of spikes rubbed blisters on his feet. To earn a living and protect other athletes, the 34-year-old Jackson attempted to blend into Bergen County's semi-pro league. The following season, Jackson batted .395 and led the American League in hits, triples, and total bases. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Thanks for contacting us. Consequently, anything actually autographed by Jackson himself brings a premium when sold, including one autograph which was sold for $23,500 in 1990 (equivalent to $49,000 in 2021). Joe Frazier was the world heavyweight boxing champion from February 1970 until January 1973 and fought in the famous "Thrilla in Manila" in 1975. Baseball legend Joe DiMaggio set a record with his 56-game hitting streak in 1941 and won nine World Series titles during his 13 years with the New York Yankees. My novel takes place in 1951 and uses flashbacks to describe the Scandal. Did he field and hit poorly in order to lose or did he play his heart out? The Phil Alden Robinson film Field of Dreams, based on Shoeless Joe by W. P. Kinsella, stars Ray Liotta as Jackson. Jackson got his nickname because of a new pair of cleats he was wearing gave him such bad blisters he decided to finish a game without his shoes. "Shoeless" Joe Jackson's lifetime batting average was .356 still third on the all-time list in the Major Leagues. He had a career .356 batting average, one of the highest ever, and was banished from the sport for his involvement in fixing a World Series outcome. but once again, this was a morale builder. [10], Playing for his hometown minor league team for $75 a month, Jackson hit .346 to lead the 1908 Carolina Association, while also leading the league in hits and RBI. Granville Wyche Burgess, a native of Greenville, S.C., just like Jackson, wrote a terrific new book called The Last At-Bat of Shoeless Joe, a novel that amounts to Shoeless Joe fanfic with an alternate ending to his actual life. In August 1915, Jackson was traded to the Chicago White Sox in an extremely lopsided trade favoring the Indians. In 1911, Jackson's first full MLB season, he set a number of rookie records. Born into extreme poverty, Jackson began work in a cotton mill when he was barely six . Jackson immediately reported to the Athletics and made his major league debut. He was paid $2.50 to play on Saturdays (equivalent to $81 in 2021). There, he operated a number of businesses, including a pool parlor and a liquor store. He continued to play baseball in the minor leagues and semi-professional leagues until his death in 1951. . Mailing Address: P.O. Shoeless Joe Jackson was a professional baseball player who was banned from the sport after being accused of fixing the 1919 World Series. [5] His lack of education ultimately became an issue throughout Jackson's life. Reportedly, one fan called out from the bleachers "You shoeless sonofagun you!" However, Shoeless Joe and the eight other players were still banned from professional baseball for life by the baseball commissioner, Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landiz, and Jackson's career was brought to an untimely end, per Biography. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Star pitcher Walter Johnson called him the greatest natural ballplayer Ive ever seen. Ty Cobb, American League batting champion, acknowledged Jacksons superior abilities. This weeks Pop Quiz question came from Sweeny Murti of WFAN: In the 1974 film The Godfather: Part II, Hyman Roth says he has been a baseball fan ever since a particular World Series. He was an exceptional hitter, influencing none other than the Great Bambino himself. [6] He was originally a pitcher, but one day he accidentally broke another player's arm with a fastball. July 23, 1910: The Philadelphia Athletics sent a player to be named later and Morrie Rath to the Cleveland Naps for Bris Lord. Jackson played for three MLB teams during his 12-year career, playing primarily in left field. [27], In an interview in Sport nearly three decades later, Jackson confirmed that the legendary exchange never occurred. [8], In 1900, when he was 13 years old, his mother was approached by one of the owners of the Brandon Mill and he started to play for the mill's baseball team. And haven't put it down since. In 1917, Jackson helped lead his new club to a World Series title. There are different degrees of guilt.. That reality defines Shoeless Joes legacy, and it also creates a passion that motivates South Carolinians to lobby and write books on his behalf and even creates a respectful disagreement between Major League Baseball and the Hall of Fame. 945 S. Main St. Greenville, SC 29601 (864) 346-4867 www.shoelessjoejackson.org. He survived a sickly childhood caused by the lint-filled air in the mill, then grew tall and gangly, with exceptionally long, strong arms. A fan called out to him from the bleachers while he was playing for the Greenville Spinners in . In fact, it might be argued that gambling was the national pastime in 1919 (It might still be argued that gambling is our national pastime). A South Carolina native, Jackson was a baseball prodigy even in his childhood. The players were to be paid out in $5,000 installments, but they began to balk when the gamblers that were backing the fix were stalling on their payments, according to History. While that may be unusual in and of itself, that one-off decision may have been lost to history if Jackson had batted poorly. The answer goes to another part of Joes legacy: the autocratic power of baseballs commissioner. In August, 1908, his contract was purchased by Connie Mack of the Philadelphia Athletics for $900. Fed up with being consistently underpaid by the White Sox owner, Charles Comiskey, Jackson and eight other team members were accused of accepting payments of up to $20,000 in exchange for throwing the 1919 World Series. Mazel tov.. "Shoeless Joe" redirects here. He has also received awards from the CBS/Foundation for the Dramatist Guild, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Pennsylvania Council on the Arts. Audible Audiobook. Jackson later denied he knew about the fix and said his name had been given to the conspirators without his consent to participate in the scam. Fans liked his pleasant, easygoing personality and his friendliness to children. Christie's and Hunt Auctions sold an autographed photo of baseball player "Shoeless" Joe Jackson for . In 1908 the Philadelphia A's purchased Jackson's contract for $325 from the Greenville Spinners. Ty Cobb claimed that he drove through Greenville as an old man and stopped at Jacksons liquor store to buy a quart of bourbon, but Jackson failed to greet him. Shoeless Joe Jackson, byname of Joseph Jefferson Jackson, (born July 16, 1888, Greenville, S.C., U.S.died Dec. 5, 1951, Greenville), American professional baseball player, by many accounts one of the greatest, who was ultimately banned from the game because of his involvement in the 1919 Black Sox Scandal. African American boxer Joe Louis, who reigned as world heavyweight champion from 1937 until 1949, is regarded as one of his sport's all-time greats. There was a moment this week when the legions of Shoeless Joe Jackson fans who have long worked for his reinstatement by Major League Baseball had a flutter of hope that their work might finally bear fruit, restore a reputation they feel has been unjustly damned, and finally open the door to . [37] He had no children but he and his wife raised two of his nephews. The owners gave it to him. The True Story of Shoeless Joe Jackson (2nd ed., 1999), by Donald Gropman, is a readable, well-researched biography of Shoeless Joe Jackson. Shoeless Joe Jackson was a top major league baseball player during the early 20th century who was ousted from the sport for his alleged role in game-fixing. background-color:#ba3434; Did he take money for it? 20th-century recording artist Mahalia Jackson, known as the Queen of Gospel, is revered as one of the greatest musical figures in U.S. history. A famous sportswriter once called Joe's glove "the place where triples go to die." Though Jackson was banned from Major League Baseball, statues and parks have been constructed in his honor. Joe Jackson, most commonly known as Shoeless Joe Jackson, after a incident where he had so many blisters on his feet because of his cleats; he decided to play his next game without cleats, and a fan yelled "You shoeless son of a gun, you!", the name stuck. I believe that he knew, and he shouldve been punished to some degree, Nola said. He had a career. [4] A few years later, the family moved to a company town called Brandon Mill on the outskirts of Greenville, South Carolina. In early 1901, George Jackson moved his family to the Brandon . He's the guy who made me a hitter," Babe Ruth once said of Jackson's influence, via Biography. He knew about the fix, he should have done more to stop it. When a Cincinnati player would bat a ball out in my territory I'd muff it if I couldthat is, fail to catch it. And because the purpose of baseballs ineligible list, which currently features Pete Rose, is to keep them from working in the game, not to eternally banish them. [20] A 1993 article in The American Statistician reported the results of a statistical analysis of Jackson's contribution during the 1919 World Series, and concluded that there was "substantial support to Jackson's subsequent claims of innocence". [38][39] A life-size statue of Jackson, created by South Carolina sculptor Doug Young, also stands in Greenville's West End. [33], In 2015, the Shoeless Joe Jackson Museum formally petitioned Commissioner Rob Manfred for reinstatement, on grounds that Jackson had "more than served his sentence" in the 95 years since his banishment by Landis. Jackson was the first of the eight men to die when he suffered a massive heart attack on Dec. 5, 1951. We strive for accuracy and fairness. So when it came time for him to bat, Jackson did what any reasonable person would do: He removed his uncomfortable, blister-inducing cleats and went up to bat in just his stocking feet. [30], An article in the September 2009 issue of Chicago Lawyer magazine argued that Eliot Asinof's 1963 book Eight Men Out, purporting to confirm Jackson's guilt, was based on inaccurate information; for example, Jackson never confessed to throwing the Series as Asinof claimed. About Shoeless Joe Jackson. During the 1919 season, it looked as though Jackson and the White Sox would again finish the season as champs. In 1989, MLB Commissioner A. Bartlett Giamatti declined to reinstate Jackson because the case was "now best given to historical analysis and debate as opposed to a present-day review with an eye to reinstatement. Playing without them, he hit a base-clearing triple that provoked an opposing fan to cry out, You shoeless bastard, you! Even his bat became part of his growing legendBlack Betsy, a locally hewn piece of hickory 36 inches (91 cm) long, weighing 48 ounces (1.4 kg), 12 ounces (340 grams) heavier than modern bats, and stained by countless splatters of tobacco juice. He tried to, he asked his manager to bench him. His most recent book is The Last At-Bat of Shoeless Joe (Chickadee Prince Books, 2019), a novel about about Shoeless Joe Jackson. Its that fascinating, that unresolved. No one wanted to bat against him so the manager of the team placed him in the outfield. He also remains permanently banned from professional baseball and therefore ineligible for the Hall of Fame. Shoeless Joe Jackson was one of the greatest baseball players in the early 1900s, and his legacy continues to live on today despite that he was banned from the game because of his alleged involvement in fixing the 1919 World Series. Joe Jackson, a.k.a. so 1919 rolls around and it becomes very important year for both. Jackson was playing in the Carolina Association as a 20-year-old when he played a single game without his shoes because his new ones were not yet broken in. Shoeless Joe ball gloves offer that nostalgic look while performing with the best baseball gloves and softball gloves out there. But not everything went as planned as far as the money promised. In 1911, his first season as a full-time player, Jackson, with his trusty bat, Black Betsy, slugged a .408 average, banging out 19 triples and 45 doubles. Because hes dead. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [43], Jackson's first relative to play professional baseball since his banishment was catcher Joseph Ray Jackson. Shoeless Joe is a 1982 magic realist novel by Canadian author W. P. Kinsella that was later adapted into the 1989 film Field of Dreams, which was nominated for three Academy Awards.. The author argues that Jackson had no involvement in the Black Sox scandal of 1919. Jackson's promising career was over. [20] Austrian was also able to persuade the nearly illiterate Jackson to sign a waiver of immunity from prosecution. The club steamrolled through the competition, with Jackson hitting .351 and knocking in 96 runners. "Yes, kid, I'm afraid it is," Jackson replied. However, thanks to his hitting prowess, Jackson's coach still wanted him in the line-up, despite his discomfort. Dont you remember me? Jackson replied, Sure I do, Ty; I just didnt think you wanted me to.. 2023 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. When did he know about it? That is not in doubt. The Boys of Summer (1972), by Roger Kahn, is a classic piece of baseball writing. He grew up in the area and lived there until his death in 1951. After the owners elected Kennesaw Mountain Landis baseballs first commissioner in 1921, gambling was declared illegal, butthat was two years after the 1919 scandal. So Jacksons death wouldnt change his status. so, you know, bethlehem steel bigwigs didn't care about that. You might not have a soul if you don't tear up . Reservation fees for these customers are paid for by a grant from the Idaho RV Program. Nevertheless, Kenesaw Mountain Landis, the newly appointed Commissioner of Baseball, imposed a lifetime ban on all eight players. Jackson enjoyed a thirteen year career in which he played for the Philadelphia Athletics, Cleveland Naps (now known as the Cleveland Indians), and the infamous Chicago Whitesox. [35] Jackson was the first of the eight banned players to die, and is buried at Woodlawn Memorial Park in Greenville. Shoeless Joe was depicted in several films in the late 20th century. Jackson went on to become an outfielder for the Chicago White Sox, where he . Pete Rose broke the rules, plain and simple. Although he made several attempts to be reinstated, including an attempt to be accepted into the Baseball Hall of Fame, he was never successful. Joseph Jefferson Jackson (July 16, 1887 - December 5, 1951), nicknamed "Shoeless Joe", was an American outfielder who played Major League Baseball (MLB) in the early 1900s. Available instantly. Aaron Rodriguezor Bonds or Joltin Joe DiMaggio or Stan Musial? That alone gives Jackson the better case for reinstatement. How about Ty Cobb vs. Tony Gwynn? As he aged, Jackson began to suffer from heart trouble. Should the writersand by extension, the fansconsider only the baseball statistics, or should the morality of what the players did be considered? He released one of the best-selling albums in history, 'Thriller,' in 1982, and had other number-one hits on 'Bad' and 'Off the Wall.'. Many often debatewho has a better case for reinstatement, Joe Jackson or Pete Rose? Instead, I investigate why Joe was banned and how his legacy still shapes baseball today. I mean, the guy went through all sorts of trouble just to ensure Kevin Costner's Ray Kinsella could have a catch with his dead dad. They learned of his superstitious collection of hairpins in his back pocket; of his practice of strengthening his arms, one at a time, by extending Black Betsy out as far as he could and holding it there; and of his exercising his eye muscles by staring at a lit candle with one eye until his vision began to blur, then shifting to the other eye. [25][non-primary source needed], In 1921, a Chicago jury acquitted Jackson and his seven teammates of wrongdoing. Published on. As head football coach at Pennsylvania State University, Joe Paterno was one of the most successful coaches in the history of collegiate football. Jackson earned his nickname by once playing in stockings as his baseball shoes weren't broken in. Babe Ruth copied his feet-together batting stance and his power stride into the pitch. Baseball 91: Shoeless Joe Jackson. Shoeless broke no rule. This was the case with Jackson. In 1951, at the age of 64, he died of a heart attack. Michael Jackson was a multi-talented musical entertainer who enjoyed a chart-topping career both with the Jackson 5 and as a solo artist. Major League Baseball has had its share of controversies and scandals, but perhaps none has had a more lasting impact than the Black Sox Scandal of 1919. The White Sox, though runaway pennant winners in 1919, were a team of disgruntled underpaid players who were embittered by Comiskeys penuriousness, his failure to pay promised bonuses, and his high-handed refusal to discuss their grievances. August 21, 1915: Traded by the Cleveland Indians to the Chicago White Sox for . Jackson batted lefty and threw righty - but in the film, actor Ray Liotta bats right . About the 7th inning, Joe hit a triple and was coming into third when some . [20] However, the Reds hit an unusually high number of triples to Jackson's position in left field. Each model is handcrafted from 100% tobacco leather to guarantee top-notch durability, high-end performance, and a one-of-a-kind smell. Baseball legend Babe Ruth said that he modeled his hitting technique after Jackson's. And, most amazingly, have kept Shoeless Joes name as alive as ever. Ray leaves his . Thats music to the ears of Nola, whose father saw Shoeless Joe play for the Waycross Coast Liners railroad team in 1924 and 1925. Do not expect to see him on the 2020 ballot. 9780395957738. eBay Product ID (ePID) It is unclear how this will affect Jackson's Hall of Fame prospects.[34]. Hours Of Operation: Sunday Noon To 4:00 PM . Physical Location: 356 Field Street Greenville, SC 29601 Across from Fluor Field on the West End. by Alan Thurston | Jun 23, 2020. One of the better known stories of Jackson's post-major league life took place at his liquor store. During the World Series in question, Jackson had led both teams in several statistical categories and set a World Series record with 12 base hits. The actions that preceded that series have ensured that events notoriety. He spent 19081909 as a member of the Philadelphia Athletics and 1910 with the minor league New Orleans Pelicans before joining the Cleveland Naps at the end of the 1910 season. My answer turns on the question of character. Jackson's performance during the series itself lends further credence to his assertions, although the game records show that he hit far better during the "clean" games than those which were thrown. By his early teen years, however, the gangly Jackson was already a superb baseball player, dominating older players while playing for the mill team. Despite his lifetime batting average of .356 and the numerous fans who have called for his induction, there is, as yet, no plaque commemorating his admission to the hall. $000$29.99. "Shoeless Joe" Jackson, who played his last game in 1920, batted .356 for his career. 0395957737. Jackson earned his nickname by once playing in stockings as his baseball shoes weren't broken in. Instead, Shoeless Joe along with seven other players from the Chicago team would be kicked out of the game and banned for life, and the 1919 team thereafter would be called the 'Black Sox'. The Shoeless Joe Jackson Statue is the life-size sculpture of Greenville's baseball legend. Jackson died on December 5, 1951, in South Carolina. He tried the cleats out the day before, only to find that they caused blisters and irritation of his feet so severe that he could no longer even bear to wear the shoes, according to Biography. Do I believe Jackson deserves to be reinstated and then voted into the Hall of Fame? In 1908, Jackson was playing for the Philadelphia Athletics in his first year in the majors.It was at this time that he married the love of his life, Katie Wynn, according to the Shoeless Joe Jackson Museum & Baseball Library.A newspaper account from the time provided by the museum, making clever use of baseball puns, described the nuptials: "Joe Jackson, the popular center fielder of the . My work netted the Cincinnati team several runs that they never would have had if we had been playing on the square. The next season, the 32 year-old Jackson batted .382 and was having one of his best overall seasons, leading the American League in triples and setting by large margins career marks for home runs, RBIs, and fewest strikeouts per plate appearance, when he was suspended, along with seven other members of the White Sox, after allegations surfaced that the team had thrown the previous World Series. Have caused those White Sox to be known as the Black Sox. In fact, when he first began his baseball career, he was simply known as Joe Jackson, an exceptional hitter. With the third-highest career batting average in Major League Baseball history (.356), Joseph Jefferson "Shoeless Joe" Jackson would certainly be a shoo-in for the Hall of Fameif it weren . The enduring allure of baseball, the poignant dynamic between fathers and sons, "If you build it, he will come." Oh yeah? Perhaps a future Pop Quiz item, but just a plug for now: Back in August when the Yankees visited Dodger Stadium, the Dodgers held a big promotion for Rocketman, the Elton John biopic, as it was coming out on DVD. Among die hard baseball fans, no one question elicits more discussioni.e. In baseball, gamblers and fixers openly operated in big league cities with impunity, while club owners swept all rumours of corrupted games under the rug, lest the public lose faith in the national pastime. 555 N. Central Ave. #416 Barring an unexpected change of heart, you can bank on people still talking about Shoeless Joe, still debating him and defending him, during the 2119 World Series. Your Pop Quiz answer is, fittingly, the 1919 World Series. At the center of that legacy is Shoeless Joe Jackson, the legendary outfielder for the Chicago White Sox. He is also known for his contrversey in the 1919 World Series agains the Cincinnati Reds. Expect to pay several thousand dollars for this Shoeless Joe Jackson collectible if you can even find one. Why is it called Shoeless Joe? Landis, a former judge, would not take the job unless he had absolute power when making decisions. The article below was originally published at HNN. Consequently, he spent a great portion of that time in the minor leagues. Bush and the first lady, Barbara Bush, and Common Ground, a musical about Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln, which was a finalist in the New York New Works Theatre Festival. When recalled to the As in Philadelphia, he was humiliated by the relentless hazing of veteran teammates. This happened in 1919 i. How Did Shoeless Joe Jackson Get His Nickname? The book features Burgess contended breakdown of how Shoeless Joe got roped in by the other players and then duped by White Sox owner Charles Comiskey, and that not all of Jacksons supporters see things exactly the same just enhances the discussion. Retiring to Greenville with Katie, he owned a dry-cleaning shop, a pool parlour, and then a liquor store. [32], In 2020, ESPN reported that MLB had shifted its policy and that the league "has no hold on banned players after they die because the ineligible list bars players from privileges that include a job with a major league club." He was born on July 16, 1887 in Pickens County, the first of six boys and two girls born to George and Martha Jackson. The Hall which established that policy as a blockade against Rose just before his scheduled appearance on the writers ballot considers that permanence, well, permanent. Jackson played for the Philadelphia Athletics (1908-09), Cleveland Naps/Indians (1910-15) and Chicago White Sox (1915-20). Deep down in Louisiana close to New Orleans Way back up in the woods among the evergreens There stood a log cabin made of earth and wood Where lived a country boy named Johnny B. Goode Who never ever learned to read or write so well But he could play guitar just like a-ringin' a bell. Jackson then tried to tell White Sox owner Charles Comiskey about the fix, but Comiskey refused to meet with him. Between 1908 and 1909, Jackson appeared in just 10 MLB games. [10][11], In 1908, Jackson began his professional baseball career with the Greenville Spinners of the Carolina Association, married 15-year-old Katie Wynn, and eventually signed with Connie Mack to play for the Philadelphia Athletics. Throughout the 1920s and 30s, Jackson played outlaw ball around the country under an assumed name, and all efforts at reinstatement were denied him. Just a short walk from Jackson's museum, the statue is situated near the entrance to Fluor Field, home ballpark for the minor league . The next season it was much the same. Asinof's use of fictional characters within a supposedly non-fiction account added further questions about the historical accuracy of the book. Around that time he was given a baseball bat that he named Black Betsy. The next game the blisters hurt Joe's feet so much, that he took off the spikes and played in his stocking feet. [5] An attack of measles almost killed him when he was 10. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). He is CEO of Quill Entertainment Company, a charitable company whose mission is Teaching Americas Heritage Through Story and Song.. His reputation was marred, however, by the university's child abuse sex scandal in 2011, which resulted in his dismissal. Nickname. Bo Jackson came to fame in the 1980s as a multitalented athlete, who excelled in baseball, football, and track at an early age. The great-great-grandnephew of Shoeless Joe batted .386 for The Citadel in 2013 and was then drafted by the Texas Rangers. Eight White Sox players conspired with gamblers to throw the World Series, which Cincinnati won in game 8 (the Series was 9 games that year). Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Oct 19, 2018. Gambling is at the heart of the Black Sox story. In 2019, Goldin also sold a personal business card for Joe Jackson's Liquor Store with a vintage photo with a family letter of provenance that fetched $3,900.00. Professional baseball playerJoseph Jackson played for the Chicago White Sox. One player named Joe Jackson was called Shoeless because he rarely wore shoes during games. Most of my writing has been motivated by outrage and injustice, Burgess said. Kinsella. Shoeless Joe Jackson first stepped up to bat as a professional baseball player in 1908, with baseball cleats on his feet. Publisher. Typically, all reports concerning the fix were buried until a year later when the bubble finally burst. Not that he deserves entry, mind you, only that he should be eligible. Updates? [9] He moved from mill team to mill team in search of better pay, playing semi-professional baseball by 1905. "Shoeless Joe" wasn't right-handed Field of Dreams got a heckuva lot right. The outcome was that eight of its ballplayers conspired with gamblersincluding former boxer Abe Attellto throw the World Series to the Cincinnati Reds. The United States was different after the war, tainted by a growing cynicism. What continues to be questioned is Jacksons role in the conspiracy. During the series, Jackson hit .307 as the White Sox defeated the New York Giants. "Attell Says He Will Have Plenty to Say", List of Major League Baseball players with a .400 batting average in a season, List of Major League Baseball annual doubles leaders, List of Major League Baseball annual triples leaders, List of Major League Baseball career batting average leaders, List of Major League Baseball career on-base percentage leaders, List of Major League Baseball career slugging percentage leaders, List of Major League Baseball career OPS leaders, List of Major League Baseball career triples leaders, List of Major League Baseball triples records, List of people banned from Major League Baseball, "Career Leaders & Records For Batting Average", "Shoeless Joe Jackson Society for American Baseball Research", "Shoeless Joe Jackson Minor League Statistics & History", Shoeless Joe Jackson, Transactions, at baseball-reference.com, "All-time and Single-Season World Series Batting Leaders", "Shoeless Joe's Pen Is Even Mightier Than His Bat", "ARTS/ARCHITECTURE; Traces of an Outfielder Who Stumbled", "In the Matter of the Investigation of Alleged Baseball Scandal", "The Chicago Black Sox banned from baseball", "Shoeless Joe Jackson Virtual Hall of Fame 1949 Sport Magazine Interview", "Shoeless Joe: His Legend Survives the Man and the Scandal", "Black Sox: 'It ain't so, kid, it just ain't so', "MLB won't reinstate Shoeless Joe Jackson", "Source: Ineligible list ends at death for MLB bans", "At the Shoeless Joe Jackson Museum in Greenville, S.C., it ain't so", "Shoeless Joe Jackson Museum and Baseball Library", "Hooray for Trademark Properties and Richard Davis!!!

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